Primary Healthcare, Nursing & Neonatal Screening

As the name implies it refers to the primary care focuses on the basic healthcare services that address the health issues faced by an individual. The care does not require a specialist and can be addressed comprehensively by a general physician. Primary care is witnessing a vigorous growth in both the developed and developing cities across all countries in the world. The goal is to make the general health solutions accessible to every individual as per the guidance of WHO. Primary care expects the increased participation of the general healthcare players; induce good healthcare practices at the basic level and meeting the expectations of the healthcare receivers.

Secondary Healthcare includes specialists such as cardiologists, dermatologists, urologists and other specialists. Individuals reach out to the secondary medical care providers through the referral of the primary healthcare professionals. In few countries, the individuals cannot consult the specialists without the referral of the medical practitioner at the primary care level. The secondary healthcare providers act as a liaison between the patient and the advanced medical care.

Medical tourism can be defined as the process of traveling outside the country of residence for the purpose of receiving medical care. Growth in the popularity of medical tourism has captured the attention of policy-makers, researchers and the media. Originally, the term referred to the travel of patients from less-developed countries to developed nations in pursuit of the treatments not available in their homeland.

Malnutrition or malnourishment is a condition that results from eating a diet lacking in nutrients. Malnutrition in children is especially harmful. The damage to physical and cognitive development during the first two years of a child’s life is largely irreversible. Malnutrition also leads to poor school performance, which can result in future income reduction. Adults who were undernourished as children are at risk of developing diseases such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular issues.

Hospital management includes overseeing and facilitating work related to physicians, nurses and other healthcare professional so as to ensure the smooth functioning of a hospital. The hospital management system (HMS) is unified software that handles various divisions of clinical workflows. It achieves the even healthcare routine within the administrative, medical, lawful and monetary control. It’s is a foundation for the fruitful operation of the healthcare talent. The clinic management system offers certain mechanization of many important daily routines. This software shields the facilities that amalgamate and shorten the work of healthcare professionals and their connections with patients.

A case report is a complete summary of a patient's symptoms, signs, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up in a medical or clinical study. A patient's demographic profile may be included in case reports, although they usually discuss an unusual or novel incident. Case reports have long been an important part of medical education, serving as a framework for case-based learning and implementation.

Sports medicine primary care doctors treat anyone who is physically active to help them improve their performance, improve their overall health, avoid injury, and maintain their physical movement for the rest of their lives. Some collaborate with healthcare professionals and novice sports teams.

While some Sports medicine doctors are specialists who repair ligament, tendon, and joint injuries, healthcare sports prescription is non-surgical care.

• Comprehensive healthcare for the dynamic patient, including diagnosis and treatment of sports or movement-related and non-sports-related wounds and diseases.

• Using manual methods to combat and treat common solid and skeletal conditions in healthcare competitors.

• Specific information on athletic moulding standards.

The five components of physical fitness are cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility and body composition, according to Fit Day. Physical fitness is a state of health and well-being and, more specifically, the ability to perform aspects of sports, occupations and daily activities. Physical fitness is generally achieved through proper nutrition, moderate-vigorous physical exercise, and sufficient rest along with a formal recovery plan.

Diabetes represents one of the best public health and health system challenges of the twenty first century one. Diabetes decreases quality and length of life, and is related to various complications, particularly cardiovascular events like myocardial infarction, stroke and heart failure. Diabetes dramatically will increase the danger of various cardiovascular issues, together with coronary artery illness with heart attack (angina), heart attack, and stroke and narrowing of arteries (atherosclerosis). If you have polygenic disorder, you are more seemingly to own heart disease or stroke. Nerve damage (neuropathy).

Oncology nursing and Cancer nursing deal with the individuals battling cancer from trained specialists & registered nurses. The physical treatment, prescribing medication, chemotherapy, radiation and other treatments are monitored by these nurses. They have depth knowledge on cancer disease and its treatment. The crucial part of cancer nursing is educating the patient about the disease, listening to the patient’s emotional distresses and giving them a moral support if needed. Oncology nurses provide appropriate screenings and other preventive practices and care to retain and supportive measures upon end of life.

Surgery is a branch of medicine concerned with the manual and instrumental treatment of injuries, diseases, and other disorders. Surgery is concerned with the treatment of acute injuries and illnesses as opposed to chronic, slowly progressing diseases, unless patients with the latter type of disease must be operated on.

Dermatology concerns the study, research and diagnosis of normal skin and disorders of the skin. Cancers, cosmetic and aging conditions of the skin, hair, nails, fat, oral and genital membranes are all aspects of dermatology. An expert in dermatology is called a dermatologist who diagnoses, investigates, treats, and manages the conditions of children and adults with skin disease, as well as hair and nail complaints. A dermatologist may be involved in both medical and surgical treatments. These include hair removal or transplantation, intralesional treatment, tumescent liposuction, laser therapy, cosmetic filler injections, photodynamic therapy, phototherapy, tattoo removal, radiation therapy, and vitiligo surgery.

Psychiatry care will embrace medical evaluations, care and treatment by medical specialty professionals for a variety of mental state conditions. They need the abilities and experience to diagnose and treat both the mental and physical issues associated with psychological disorders. Mental disorders are completely different from that of the Psychiatric disorders. Mental disorders includes mood disorders (such as depression or bipolar disorder), anxiety disorders temperament disorders, psychotic disorders, trauma-related disorders, consumption disorders Whereas psychiatric disorders includes autism, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, major depression and schizophrenic psychosis — seem to share some common genetic risk factors, according to an examination of genetic information from quite 60,000 folks worldwide.

Healthcare is the improvement of health via the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, recovery, or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in people. Various health professions in health care include medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, midwifery, nursing, optometry, audiology, psychology, occupational therapy, physical therapy, and athletic training. Primary care, secondary care, and tertiary care are included. A coherent health care system contributes to a significant part of a country's economy, development, and industrialization and it is precisely considered as an important determinant in promoting the general physical and mental health and well-being of people around the globe.

Nutrition is prime for optimal health and growth. Food plays a serious role in both health and disease. It's important to market healthy nutrition altogether age groups with the present increase in lifestyle disorders round the world. It isn't only for a private except for the whole population to enhance eating habits. Particularly under nutrition is harmful in early age bracket i-e childhood and over nutrition in adulthood but after years both forms are likely to affect all age groups in future. For example, diseases like anemia due to insufficient iron intake, obesity due to excess energy intake, thyroid due to deficiency in iodine intake and impaired vision because of vitamin A intake etc.

Healthcare professionals deal with infectious diseases by explaining the importance of taking standard precautions with the patients. Constant need for information as new organisms emerge, existing ones develop resistance to current drugs or vaccines, and there are changes in epidemiology and prevalence. It takes a long duration time for the agent to be identified, diagnostic test to be produced and a strategy for disease reporting and isolation to be established.

A clear distinguish is often made between 'mind' and 'body'. But the two should not be thought of as separate, when considering both mental health and physical health. Poor physical health may result in increased risk of mental health problems. Similarly, poor mental health may adversely affect physical health, resulting in increased risk of certain conditions. Physical activity in any form is a great way to keep you and your mental well-being physically healthy. Our emotional, psychological and social well-being includes mental health. At every stage of life, from childhood and adolescence to adulthood, mental health is important.

Pharmaceutics is the pharmacy discipline that deals with the process of transforming a new chemical entity (NCE) or ancient drugs into a drug that patients can use safely and effectively. It's also called the Dosage Form Design science. In healthcare, pharmaceutical products play a major role. Medicines are one of the most effective ways to prevent, alleviate and cure disease, along with well-trained and motivated health professionals. Many primary health care interventions known to reduce death and disease burden (especially infant and maternal) are not expensive.

A pediatrician may be a child's physician who not only provides acute or chronically ill children with medical aid, but also provides healthy children with preventive health services. At every stage of development, in both sickness and health, a pediatrician manages the physical, mental and emotional well-being of the youngsters under their care. Neonatology may be a pediatric subspecialty consisting of new born, infant’s medical aid, particularly the ill or premature newborn. It's a specialty based in hospitals and is typically practiced in intensive neonatal care units (NICUs).

Nursing roles across primary health care will dissent counting on the position, the population, the team composition and therefore the data, skills and confidence of the individual nurse.

Common responsibilities across primary health care settings could include:

• Health promotion

• Illness bar

• Midwifery, prenatal and postnatal care

• Treatment and care of sick individuals, sometimes in knowledge domain groups

•Rehabilitation and palliation

• Community development

• Population health and public health

• Education

• Research

• Advocacy

• Chronic health problem management.

Nursing includes the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and the care of ill, disabled and dying people. Advocacy, promotion of a safe environment, research, participation in shaping health policy and in patient and health systems management, and education are also key nursing roles.

Nursing practice is that the actual provision of medical care. In providing care, nurses implement the medical care plan using the nursing process. This is often based around a selected nursing theory which is chosen in consideration with the care setting and therefore the population served. In providing medical care, the nurse uses both nursing theory and best practice derived from nursing research.

Public health refers to the science of protecting the safety and improvement of health communities through education, policy making, and disease and injury prevention research. Activities to strengthen the capacity and service of public health are aimed at providing conditions under which people can remain healthy, improve their health and well-being, or prevent their health from deteriorating. Healthcare Management is the oversight of healthcare systems, public health systems, hospitals, entire hospital networks or other medical facilities. Duties of these professionals include ensuring that individual departments run smoothly, qualified employees are hired, information is disseminated efficiently throughout the organization, specific outcomes are reached, and resources are used efficiently, among many other responsibilities.

Internal medicine is a medical specialty in which doctors use scientific knowledge and clinical expertise to diagnose and treat adults with a wide range of health problems and diseases. Internists or general internists are physicians who specialize in internal medicine.

Cardiology is a medical specialty concerned with study and treatment of disorders of the heart and the blood vessels. Cardiology sub-specialties include cardiac electrophysiology, echocardiography, cardiology intervention and nuclear cardiology. A cardiologist specializes in cardiovascular system disease diagnosis and treatment. The cardiologist will perform tests, and some may perform procedures such as heart catheterization, angioplasty, or pacemaker insertion. Heart disease is specific to the heart, while cardiovascular disease affects the heart, the vessels of the blood, or both.

Dentistry, the profession concerned with oral disease prevention and treatment, including teeth diseases and supporting mouth soft tissue structures and diseases. Dentistry also encompasses the treatment and correction of malformation of the jaws, teeth misalignment, and birth anomalies of the mouth like birth defect. Besides general practice, dentistry includes many specialties and subspecialties, including orthodontics and orthopedics, pediatric dentistry and maxillofacial radiology etc.